In the late 1990s, Deep Ellum experienced gentrification. In 1968, as the freeway construction started, the majority of residents were asked to move to other places. After two decades, most blocks from Deep Elm were removed after city planning. The construction of the highway decreased the African-American population in the area. The Central Expressway was completed in 1949, departing from Elm town to downtown Dallas. It may have boosted business in the area, but it did not last too long. The highway negatively influenced the neighborhood and became a big reason for the low quality of life for black people. But in the early 1940s, the railway in Deep Ellum was torn out with strong reproach by the residents, causing some problems for them. Highways are being designed rapidly at the time. In 1912, the concept of highways first entered America’s consciousness. In the 1890s, there were even some theaters and entertainment areas constructed in the neighborhoods. Throughout the 1870s, the railroad provided various opportunities for the residents, helping the area thrive as a cultural and residential center for African-Americans. There were already 500 African-American residents in Deep Ellum when the first train came into Dallas in 1872.
Due to its proximity to the Texas Central railroad and Houston, the place was also referred to as the “Central Track.” The area was initially named Deep Elm, but the pronunciation “Deep Ellum” by its early residents stuck, making it the official name. Due to the slave liberation in Texas in the 1850s, many slaves from the state and from nearby states built their houses and farmed in lands in the future Deep Ellum.Įstablished in 1873, Deep Ellum was one of the city’s first commercial neighborhood to welcome African Americans and European immigrants. Four years after, Dallas was founded after the Civil War. History of Deep EllumĪfter gaining independence from the Mexican-American War, Texas became part of the United States in 1845. Home to several music and entertainment centers, this bustling section of the city has a rich history and a unique identity of its own. Older alternative names include Deep Elm and Deep Elem. Its name is based on a corruption of the area’s main road, Elm Street. It’s directly east of the US 75 freeway and extends to Exposition Avenue, connected to the downtown by Pacific, Elm, Main, Commerce, and Canton Streets. Deep Ellum is a neighborhood in Texas that lies about a mile from downtown in East Dallas.
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